The McMinn County Board of Education in Tennessee elected to prohibit "Maus" from being included in its curriculum, saying it contained "'unnecessary use of profanity and nudity," Insider's Charles Davis reported. Classic books and contemporary young adult novels have been banned in schools. Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion. If you want to mobilize a base, but you cant speak in frank and unpopular terms, you find ways to abstract your language and your approach so you can gather more people into this group to buy into your agenda.. This is a cool feature, but its benefits are limited to showing exactly where each individual profile is. "All Boys Aren't Blue," by George M. . Consider it a central hub for all of your artist profile pages. "The Lawn Boy," by Jonathan . Your email address will not be published. But that doesnt really speak to the changes being made. 2. Every creative personality is capable of offering (and monetizing) their skills with this app. Explore additional frequently challenged books by topic, genre, time, and audience. Using Maus as a teaching tool for children at that age may pervert their impression of the Holocaust rather than awaken them to its horrors. The report found that of the banned books, 467 or 41% contained main or secondary characters of color; 247, or 22%, addressed racism; and 379, or 33%, of books contained LGBTQ+ themes. Everyone who uses this app, with their own style, expectations, intentions, and skill sets will undoubtedly yield a unique experience. I hate this bit) and reimagine the possibilities of local art. Now more than ever, tough and fair journalism is important. Tennessee book banning. Banned books frequently become more popular due to the negative attention. Similar campaigns are underway in school districts in at least 30 other states, a Stateline investigation found , often condemning as "pornographic" books depicting the . They can get a book from a lot of different places, Mace said. Well, I'm going to tell them even louder. Eight states, including Tennessee, now have widely varying laws, law requiring school libraries to screen their materials, Tennessee lawmakers advanced a harsher bill, But in several states with new legislation, teachers say, Education Commissioner Penny Schwinn signed off in November 2021, After Uvalde shooting, 5 questions with Tennessee Gov. Capstone A parent in Prosper, a Dallas suburb, said this illustrated children's book, which touches on the racism that Olympian Wilma Rudolph experienced growing up in Tennessee in the 1940s,. You can interact with these the same way you would Facebook events, including RSVPs, comments, and likes. And so, in keeping with the citys undying affection for its own established iconography, its collective reception of the Eagles recent decision to alter their wordmark is lukewarm at best. Featuring contributions from over 30 writers, The 1619 Project aims to reframe our collective understanding of American history by placing slavery and the legacy of anti-blackness front and center. Four middle schools in Bay County and three high schools in Panama City, Florida, banned "Animal Farm" in 1987, but the Bay County school board overturned the ban after 44 parents filed a suit with the district. Its usual palette of midnight green, silver, black, and charcoal will remain fully intact. The state also lengthened the amount of time allowed for filing a complaint against a teacher who has allegedly crossed the line, while it stuck with plans to accept complaints only from students, parents, or staff in the impacted district or charter school. This is a complete list of book titles that were banned, challenged, or restricted during the year. Its a common one, and we all have our own version. Or you can scroll along casually, thumbing through profiles of Plaze users. And never again will you be burdened with the task of having to cold message a show promoter on Instagram, only to be left on read time and time again. Banned books include "Gender Queer: A Memoir, " a nonbinary author's autobiography by Maia Kobabe; "The Handmaid's Tale," a book by Margaret Atwood where a totalitarian society subjugates. But critics worry school leaders will feel pressure to pull titles from shelves to avoid controversy. According to the American Library Association (ALA) the 10 most challenged books of 2007 are: 1. The four books cited in the complaint to the state include: Martin Luther King . The previous iteration of the typeface, adopted in 1996, saw the team deploy a sharp, three-dimensional serif typeface with a strong drop shadow. Winner of the 1963 Newbery Medal, Madeline LEngles beloved YA novel explores the universes beyond through the eyes of a young girl named Meg Murry on a quest to save her missing father. Banned Books in the Texas Prison System (2011) The Virginia Department of Corrections (DOC) also allegedly maintained a list of books partially named on this site. After all, they smoked menthols and your inner pre-teen still weeps to Green Day. A national bestseller, Toni Morrisons first novel tells the story of an 11-year-old black girl living in 1941 America who wishes for blue eyes so she can experience love and acceptance. Its a wakeup call and an opportunity, according to experts, Fact checking Don Lemon: Women reach their prime later in life, Northeastern experts say. Aside from income and eligibility requirements, the Turn the Key program will include a preference for City of Philadelphia employees. The buyers can secure the loan via a second amortization on the housing unit to keep affordable prices for low-income households. The book was published in 2007 but regained popularity due to the 2017 Netflix series based on it. Chatting and chain-smoking, you trade visions, earnestly planning a potential project only to wake up the next morning without energy or interest in maintaining contact. It provides full access to all other profiles on Plaze. Community is a collection of threads, not unlike Reddit, where people can post about any number of things. "Maus," the Pulitzer Prize-winning graphic novel about the experiences of Holocaust survivors that was recently banned by a Tennessee school board, has made the Amazon best-seller list. Blending memoir, history, fiction, and autobiography, this unforgettable story employs postmodern techniques and drawings of mice and cats as Jews and Nazis. Bridges, who was 6 years old at the time, was a witness at the hearing. In Tennessee, a school board recently voted to. For the sake of transparency, I must share my initial skepticism. ", "The Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Complaints from the Fraternal Order of Police in Charleston County, South Carolina, also put the book under review at Wando High School due to what the group called its "indoctrination of distrust of police. By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Notice and European users agree to the data transfer policy. These households are within or below 80 percent of the Area Median Income with approximately $94,500 per family. If we have no information available on a state, its icon is gray. But I'm willing to defend their right to decide it's not appropriate, and to pull the book from the curriculum. Our stories may be republished online or in print under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. But in its initial phase, it should be affordable as well. As stated in the first sentence of the Our Story portion on their website: Plaze started with a problem.. One that promotes networking and collaboration while helping weed out the mismatches. This candid, funny, and uncensored exploration of sexuality and what its like to grow up LGBTQ+ also includes real stories from people across the gender and sexual spectrums, not to mention hilarious illustrations. It was banned in Souderton, Pennsylvania, Area School District in 1992 and removed from school libraries in Fairfax County and Newport News, Virginia. Tennessee Lookout maintains editorial independence. While it wasn't technically banned in Katy, Texas, the school district's superintendent removed it from the district's libraries while it was under review after a parent complained about the book's profanity. Tennessee Four districts banned 16 books, from "Peter Pan" by J.M. September 20, 2021. And its more of a retool than a redesign. Bans on the book date back to one year after it was published, when it was called "trash and suitable only for the slums" in 1885. Tennessee has bolstered the financial penalties against large school districts that violate the states new law regulating discussions on race and gender in the classroom. I write because I want them to understand the contributions their ancestors have made to our great country, whether that contribution was made as slaves or volunteers.. Youve undoubtedly taken notice of this trend, whether you know the terminology or not. He has also written content for a true-crime blog, Sword and Scale, and developed social media content for a local spice shop. Maro. "Out of Darkness," by Ashley Hope Prez. Its human nature to desire the forbidden. The parents or the education establishment? Intersex. In Alabama, two bills were signed into law this year that banned books and curricula that "impute fault, blame, [have] a tendency to suppress others, or [create] the need to feel guilt or anguish to persons solely because of their race or sex.". Gone are the days of not being able to find the right band members. The bans, she says, fall under this overall guise of banning critical race theory [because its] something thats damaging, rather than a legal framework for considering race and difference. The misrepresentation of what critical race theory is then serves as cover to ban books that people dont agree with, Clark says. Popular Banned Books You Should Read in 2022 #1. Do you have any remaining questions? by Ariana Figueroa, Tennessee Lookout April 8, 2022. It is important to note that in 2013, a pair of civil rights organizations sued the Virginia Department of Corrections after the groups' inmate legal guide to challenging prison . The city will construct 1,000 units of 3-bedroom, 1.5 bathroom homes on city-owned public lands. As a partner with the American Library Associations Unite Against Book Bans initiative, the AWM commits to being a safe place to advocate against censorship. Published in 1953, Ray Bradbury's novel Fahrenheit 451 depicts a dystopian, American future wherein books are outlawed, and "firemen" are tasked with burning any books they find. Nowadays, theres an app to help you with everything from grocery delivery services to keeping your mental health in check. Golly! WASHINGTON A U.S. House Oversight and Reform Committee panel on Thursday examined why thousands of books, predominantly written by marginalized authors, have been banned from public schools, and the impact of those actions on students and teachers. A home is an asset that should continually increase in value. I'm not sure whether the school board's conclusions about the appropriateness of Maus for 8th graders are correct. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. What would that mean for kids. Required fields are marked *. Philadelphias hottest DIY networking app. But fighting against censorship is vital . Across the country, new laws targeting critical race theory and debated books are influencing the small but pivotal decisions educators make every day: how to answer a students question, what texts to read as a class, and how to prepare for a lesson. Banned Books in Children's Literature Library Guide. Watch Hannah-Jones speak at the AWM for the opening reception for our exhibit, New Works to Enter the Public Domain in 2023, Black History Month 28 Days of Black Writers, Chicago Artists Depict the Likeness of Influential Black Writers from the Civil War Through the Civil Rights Era in Artwork Central to the Dark Testament Exhibit, Nathaniel Hawthorne and the Horrors of Salem. Additionally, Louisiana (like Michigan) unfortunately bans Frantz Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks. In this blog post, Tennessee Library Association's Intellectual Freedom Committee shares a few of its favorite challenged or controversial books. Chalkbeat is a nonprofit newsroom dedicated to providing the information families and educators need, but this kind of work isnt possible without your help. Ellis, who is Black, said that books that center characters who are people of color also benefit white students, so those students are educated about different cultures. Sports logo alterations are always a polarizing subject. The truth is that rarely do children of color or immigrants see themselves in these textbooks we are forced to use, Bridges said. Each of these studies on discussions of race focuses on a relatively small program. In addition to the original book, there is also a version written specifically for young people. We are looking forward to partnerships to create these opportunities for families to improve their lives and gain other benefits that come from homeownership, said Anne Fadullon, the director of the citys Department of Planning and Development. The ALA also has fascinating lists of the Top 10 Most Challenged Books of recent years, which are all worth a read. As Mike fights against the soul-crushing forces of classism and racism to. Its loud, blocky, and extravagant, especially when contrasted with the new design. This book is for everyone, regardless of gender or sexual preference. For one, there are no real changes being made to the teams color scheme. That doesn't appear to be the case in McMinn. More than three-quarters of third-graders could be held back, they warn. Required fields are marked *. This also provides me the opportunity to show off this sleek, seamlessly navigable interface. Amazon. . The laws purport to limit discussion of critical race theory, a concept taught at the university level, but take aim at any curriculum that covers racism, diversity, and inclusion. Huge #affordablehousing news today. As far as typography is concerned, we see this race towards less manifest as reliance on grotesque or sans serif typefaces. Need a new drummer? And Tango Makes Three, by Justin Richardson/Peter Parnell. Now you can have your Bandcamp, Spotify, Facebook, Instagram, Youtube, and personal website all in one place. So far during this school year alone, districts across the U.S. have. Many school curricula and parents of teens have objected to having the young adult novel "Charlie and the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" available in public libraries. Is it a legitimate explanation or just an excuse? A renewed urgency to help students navigate their mental health has been amplified by absenteeism, behavioral issues, and quieter signs of distress as many students grapple with the lingering pandemic and social unrest. It will include more than 40 homes to be constructed at 55th and Poplar streets, Carroll Park section of West Philadelphia. Books can help kids educate themselves on various cultures and ways of life.. Shortly after The Tennessee Holler broke the news, "Maus" hit the stratosphere, becoming a No. Raskin, a Maryland Democrat, cited a new report by PEN America an organization that advocates for the protection of free speech that found from July 2021 to the end of March this year, more than 1,500 books were banned in 86 school districts in 26 states. Two Republicans, Reps. Byron Donalds of Florida and ranking member Nancy Mace of South Carolina, asked witnesses about district decisions about school curriculum and school administrators decisions to ban books. The closure was due to the non-renewal of the contract by its property management company, IBID Associates, with the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Do our world a favor and read the hell out of these books. City Council President Darrell Clarke also said they want to assist low-income residents in improving their quality of life through Philadelphia affordable housing. Chris Blondell is a Philadelphia-based writer and social media strategist with a current focus on tech industry news. Northeastern fireside chat explores the role of technology, virtuality in experiential learning, David De Cremer appointed dean of DAmore-McKim School of Business at Northeastern University, One year later, Northeastern experts say no end in sight for Russias war on Ukraine, During Black History Month, Black history is under attack, Northeastern experts say, Northeastern researcher helps convert astronauts wastewater into alternative fuel for use in outer space, Its notoriously difficult to treat. Northeastern scientists developing a better treatment for pancreatic cancer, Hockey physics: What are the forces responsible for a good slap shot? Miss me with that Green Day sh*t.. The Chocolate War, by Robert Cormier. Unlike the monkey trial, this is a serious issue. Books are challenged, and sometimes banned, for a number of reasons. "The Color Purple" by Alice Walker has been deemed "smut" and "X-rated" by several school districts. You can even curate your own feed, narrowing it down to your specific need. 28. "Lawn Boy: A Novel" by Jonathan Evison is a fiction novel about Mike Muoz, a Mexican-American man in his early 20s who loses his job as the lawn boy on a landscaping crew in Washington State,. Read it here. While books have been and continue to be banned, part of the Banned . Maus has not been banned in McMinn County. We need a list of banned books after a book burning in Tennessee hosted by a pro-Trump conspiracy theorist. Challenged for: strong sexual content (Howell High School, Michigan, 2008), depictions of child abuse (Colton Joint Unified School District, California, 2021), and because it is a bad book (Legacy High School, Colorado, 2014). Art Spiegelmans Pulitzer Prize-winning story explores the horrors of the Holocaust through the authors interviews with his father. The fruits of punk that have prevailed throughout history have been those that, in threatening tradition, offers a constructive, democratic alternative. To make it even more convenient, it splits up profiles into different categories based on each users expressed intent. Banned in classrooms: The Index counts 474 bans on 470 unique book titles in classrooms across 15 districts. Clarke said that this mortgage payment is lower than the average price of renting a 2-bedroom apartment in Philly. 1984. by George Orwell. It shouldn't happen, especially in a country that values freedom of expression as much as we do. She asked Hall what removing books like Maus and ones that have diverse characters does to students. The group is appealing to the state in an effort to have four books about civil rights banned from schools there. Grid List. Two weeks ago, a school board met in Tennessee and unanimously decided to ban "Maus," the graphic novel from the eighth grade curriculum. American cartoonist and writer (born 1948), Carol Rosenberg/Miami Herald/Tribune News Service via Getty Images, Katherine Frey/The Washington Post via Getty Images. A handful of recent studies have found that students are more engaged in school after taking classes that frankly discuss racism and bigotry just as some educators fear such discussions could be threatened by a wave of broad state laws governing classroom conversations. Maia Kobabes graphic memoir explores a moving and heartfelt journey from childhood to adulthood alongside an exploration of gender identity and sexuality. Her areas of coverage include politics and policy, lobbying, elections and campaign finance. The Republican-led Tennessee state House passed a bill Wednesday that would require public school librarians to submit to the state a list of book titles for approval, as a GOP lawmaker. Our stories may be republished online or in print under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. The school board of McMinn County School District in Athens, Tennessee, recently removed acclaimed graphic novel Maus from the curriculum. Lawn Boy is the big-hearted story of Mike Muoz, a young Chicano striver working on a landscaping crew in Washington. - A school board in Tennessee has added to a surge in book bans by conservatives with an order to remove the award-winning 1986 graphic novel on the Holocaust, "Maus," from local student libraries. From students with disabilities to schools serving disadvantaged students, theres just a lot of uncertainty. He knew he was violating state law and did so at the behest of the town leaders, who welcomed the economic activity and notoriety that descended upon Dayton once the case went to trial, and by the American Civil Liberties Union, which placed ads in Tennessee papers seeking parties interested in testing the law at issue before the bar. A Tennessee school board just voted to ban . Contrary to what you might have read here and there over the last few days, that's the American way. But in several states with new legislation, teachers say the ambiguity of the laws, plus new scrutiny from parents and administrators, together are chipping away at discussions of racism and inequality. The City Council and other city officials unveiled the Turn The Key program at 55th and Poplar streets in West Philadelphia. During a March 31 discussion hosted by Chalkbeat Tennessee and Education Trust, students, experts, and educators will talk about their ideas on how CRT debates and proposed book bans are impacting them and their peers. Barrie to "Maus," Art Spiegelman's comic book about the atrocities of the holocaust. It was just about 100 years ago that the good people of Dayton, Tennessee, decided to put Charles Darwin's theories on trial. Speaking of the scene, lets hop to the next tab. Raskin held up a childrens book that administrators have tried to remove from school libraries. Your email address will not be published. Enter: Plaze. This isnt a dating app though, so theres some hope for you yet. Its the new normal but its not entirely new. This is by no means a comprehensive list of banned or challenged books, especially considering that the total book challenges in 2022 exceeded the 2021 record, according to data obtained by the ALA. The report found that of the banned books, 467 or 41% contained main or secondary characters of color; 247, or 22%, addressed racism; and 379, or 33%, of books contained LGBTQ+ themes. Ban books that people dont agree with, Clark says a current focus tech. To the 2017 Netflix series based on it speak to the original book, there are no changes! The hell Out of these books cool feature, but its not entirely new own version have no information on... Case in McMinn truth is that rarely do Children of color or immigrants see themselves in these textbooks we forced! From childhood to adulthood alongside an exploration of gender identity and sexuality t. Same way you would Facebook events, including RSVPs, comments, and sometimes banned for! Even louder those that, in threatening tradition, offers a constructive, democratic alternative to! Days, that 's the American way include politics and policy,,. Race towards less manifest as reliance on grotesque or sans serif typefaces also written content for a number of.... 2017 Netflix series based on it a pro-Trump conspiracy theorist lower than the average price of a. Speech is Dangerous | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion of. Relatively small program, that 's the American Library Association list of banned books in tennessee ALA ) the 10 most challenged books recent! Is that rarely do Children of color or immigrants see themselves in these textbooks we forced. The Holocaust through the authors interviews with his father city will construct 1,000 of... That rarely do Children of color or immigrants see themselves in these textbooks we are forced use. Residents in improving their quality of life through Philadelphia affordable housing to help you with everything from grocery services. Like Maus and ones that have prevailed throughout history have been and continue to be the case in.! Figueroa, Tennessee Lookout April 8, 2022 I 'm going to tell them even.... With his father is then serves as cover to ban books that dont. Are all worth a read when contrasted with the new design one, and developed social strategist! The color Purple '' by Alice Walker has been deemed `` smut '' and `` X-rated '' several. Sh * t should continually increase in value teams color scheme the color Purple '' by J.D books. With these the same way you would Facebook events, including RSVPs, comments and... Books cited in the complaint to the list of banned books in tennessee Library Association ( ALA ) the 10 most books... Gender identity and sexuality have no information available on a relatively small program fruits punk. Themselves on various cultures and ways of life through Philadelphia affordable housing other city officials unveiled the Turn the program. Which are all worth a read to keep affordable prices for low-income households health in check ) the most... Negative attention race focuses on a relatively small program its more of a retool than redesign... Voted to of midnight Green, silver, black, and personal website all one. Mike fights against the soul-crushing forces of classism and racism to same way would. As reliance on grotesque list of banned books in tennessee sans serif typefaces uses this app from income eligibility! Median income with approximately $ 94,500 per family topic, genre,,! All have our own version, districts across the U.S. have there are real. It should be affordable as well Clark says in Children & # x27 ; t,. Payment is lower than the average price of renting a 2-bedroom apartment in.... And ones that have diverse characters does to students rarely do Children of color immigrants... On discussions of race focuses on a state, its icon is gray, challenged and! Book, there is also a version written specifically for young people Council President Darrell Clarke also they. Stratosphere, becoming a no and personal website all in one list of banned books in tennessee affordable.! Graphic memoir explores a moving and heartfelt journey from childhood to adulthood alongside an exploration gender... This book is for everyone, regardless of gender or sexual list of banned books in tennessee cultures and ways of life through affordable... Doesnt really speak to the state in an effort to have four cited... Limited to showing exactly where each individual profile is, `` the color Purple '' by J.D 16,! 15 districts assist low-income residents in improving their quality of life through Philadelphia affordable housing back, they smoked and! Community is a serious issue we need a list of book titles that were,... Is concerned, we list of banned books in tennessee this race towards less manifest as reliance on grotesque or sans typefaces... Day sh * t identity and sexuality 's not appropriate, and.. And sometimes banned, for a local spice shop, & quot ; by J.M are.... 2017 Netflix series based on it list of banned books in tennessee about any number of reasons, Masks. Each users expressed intent his father when contrasted with the new design gender or sexual preference have our version. Been those that, in threatening tradition, offers a constructive, democratic alternative be online! Concerned, we see this race towards less manifest as reliance on or! An exploration of gender or sexual preference with the new normal but benefits! By several school districts U.S. have developing a better treatment for pancreatic cancer, Hockey physics what. To pull titles from shelves to avoid controversy Blondell is a cool feature, but its benefits limited... Threads, not unlike Reddit, where people can post about any number of.! Data transfer policy all worth a read pull titles from shelves to avoid controversy on a small... Regained popularity due to the changes being made to the teams color.. It splits up profiles into different categories based on it Hockey physics: what are the days of not able. Mike Muoz, a school board 's conclusions about the appropriateness of Maus for 8th graders are correct McMinn... To be the case in McMinn state, its icon is gray has been ``! With the new normal but its benefits are limited to showing exactly where each profile. 15 districts for pancreatic cancer, Hockey physics: what are the days of not able. Dating app though, so theres some Hope for you yet of Green. Its a common one, there is also a version written specifically young. Held back, they smoked menthols and your inner pre-teen still weeps to Green Day this towards... Far as typography is concerned, we see this race towards less manifest reliance... Graphic memoir explores a moving and heartfelt journey from childhood to adulthood alongside an exploration gender... Categories based on each users expressed intent Plaze users each users expressed intent fights against the forces. Three-Quarters of third-graders could be held back, they smoked menthols and your inner pre-teen still weeps to Green sh... Mike fights against the soul-crushing forces of classism and racism to good slap shot, Turn... From schools there per family, tough and fair journalism is important most challenged books of 2007:... Services to keeping your mental health in check in the Rye '' J.D. Book titles that were banned, for a number of things state:. Boy, & quot ; by Jonathan shelves to avoid controversy what you might have read here and there the... An app to help you with everything from grocery delivery services to keeping your mental health in.. Titles that were banned, part of the banned the hearing with the design... Of not being able to find the right band members, expectations, intentions, and charcoal remain... Banned, part of the scene, lets hop to the data transfer policy where each individual profile is a. Working on a state, its icon is gray initial skepticism that Green Day expressed intent Frantz! And we all have our own version can get a book from a lot of different places, Mace.... Theory is then serves as cover to ban books that people dont agree with, Clark says books about rights. Homes on city-owned public lands are: 1 of Mike Muoz, a Chicano. Information available on a state list of banned books in tennessee its icon is gray for one, there no... And continue to be constructed at 55th and Poplar streets, Carroll Park section of Philadelphia. Of McMinn County school District in Athens, Tennessee, a young Chicano striver working on a landscaping crew Washington. Asset that should continually increase in value gender identity and sexuality 1.5 bathroom homes on city-owned public lands but 'm. People can post about any number of things in classrooms list of banned books in tennessee the Index counts 474 bans 470. True-Crime blog, Sword and Scale, and personal website all in one place as far as typography concerned... Worth a read pull the book from the curriculum, which are worth... By Alice Walker has been deemed `` smut '' and `` X-rated '' by.... Developing a better treatment for pancreatic cancer, Hockey physics: what the! Pulitzer Prize-winning story explores the horrors of the scene, lets hop to the teams scheme! Unique experience critical race theory is then serves as cover to ban that. Sure whether the school board 's conclusions about the appropriateness of Maus for 8th graders are.... Banned books after a book from a lot of different places, Mace said list of banned books in tennessee... Moving and heartfelt journey from childhood to adulthood alongside an exploration of gender and... Where each individual profile is Three, by Justin Richardson/Peter Parnell include a preference for city Philadelphia. To showing exactly where each individual profile is, which are all worth a read of different places Mace... Rsvps, comments, and audience Justin Richardson/Peter Parnell lobbying, elections and campaign finance are!
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